Processing currants in the spring from diseases and pests: when and how to spray

Only healthy currant bushes are able to give a full-fledged rich harvest of delicious berries, which means that you should never allow your bush to get sick or be attacked by pests. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out its spring treatment with fungicides and insecticides (including acaricides - drugs against ticks).

Well, let's figure out when, what and how to properly spray currants in the spring against diseases and pests.

What is spring currant processing for?

With the first spring months and gradual warming, not only the berry shrub itself awakens, but also pests, as well as spores of fungal diseases.

But in order to be aware of what exactly to process currants in the spring from pests and diseases, you need to know and understand exactly who most often encroaches on your berry bush.

Pests

The very first early spring treatment of currants from pests is carried out against the following wintering stages of insect pests:

• copperheads;
• leaf rollers;
• scabbards;
• ticks;
• aphids and other sucking and leaf-eating pests.

The second spring and subsequent treatments (including in summer) of currants are carried out against such pests as:

• currant kidney mite;

Advice! Mite buds You can collect by hand, and it is desirable as soon as possible, in other words, there is no need to wait for their swelling. To distinguish them from healthy kidneys, remember that they are always round, while healthy ones are elongated.

Be sure to burn all collected kidneys!

Kidney mites — one of the main pests of currants, which, moreover, carry such an incurable disease as the reversion (terry) of currants.

• spider mite;

• gooseberry (shoot) aphid;

Important! On measures to combat aphids on currants detailedin this article.

• gall aphid;

Note! Ways to combat aphids on currants described in detail in this material.

• gooseberry fire;

• leaf roll on currants;

• currant gall midge;

• gooseberry (currant) sawfly;

• gooseberrymoth;

• currant glass;

• currant goldfish.

Diseases

Spring and subsequent treatments of currants are carried out against the following diseases, which most often affect the bushes:

• anthracnose;

• septoria (white spot);

• goblet rust (orange);

• columnar rust (yellowish);

• reversion (terry) currants;

It is carried by ticks, so it is very important to wage a serious fight with them.

When to spray currants from pests and diseases in the spring: timing and processing scheme

Obviously, different pests and diseases appear at different times. Accordingly, for each phase of currant development, there should be its own specificity of its processing. Naturally, it is very difficult to name specific dates, it is much easier to navigate by the phases of development (vegetation) of the berry bush in spring.

So, when exactly in spring and summer is it necessary to process currants from pests and diseases?

By the way! Usually, in the spring, both trees and shrubs are treated for diseases and pests, except that the grapes are sprayed separatelymaybe more strawberries (garden strawberries) and raspberries.

However, it should be borne in mind that currants begin their growing season almost earlier than everyone else in the garden.

There is a certain scheme (schedule) for carrying out work on spring spraying of currants (depending on the stage of vegetation):

• Before kidney swelling (in early spring, immediately after the snow melts);

By the way! The site already has a detailed article on when and how to conduct eradication of garden spraying in early spring.

Also you can manually collect all mite buds (swollen), cut off all crooked shoots affected by aphids last year (they have a noticeably curved appearance).

Advice! And so that wintering pests cannot get out of the ground, you can mulch the trunk circle currants with a thick (5 cm) layer of peat, compost or humus.

• During the period swelling of the kidneys (“green cone” stage);

Spraying in the “green cone” phase is carried out against various leaf spots currants such as anthracnose, septoria (white spot), rust. Alternatively, you can use Bordeaux liquid.

At the same time, you can start spraying against ticks. Suitable drugs (acaricides - anti-ticks), such as: Fitoverm (Kleschevit, Aktofit), including Tiovit Jet (it is also against powdery mildew).

• During the period buddingbut before flowering (phase of "rosebud");

After the buds open, it is necessary to repeat the anti-tick treatment, treat from moths and other caterpillars... For example, the drug Inta-Ts-M, Fufanon-Nova, Iskra, Iskra-M, Kinmiks, Aktellik.

And also spend preventive treatment of currants from powdery mildew (with preparations based on copper, such as bordeaux liquid, copper sulfate, Abiga-Peak, Homa, Oksikhom, Skor, Topaz, Tiovit Jet are also suitable).

• After floweringwhen small ovaries are formed.

Again, it should be treated against pests (especially from aphids - Biotlin, Tanrek, Fitoverm) and diseases (especially powdery mildew - Topaz, Skor, Tiovit Jet).

• During the period of growth and fruiting, i.e. in summer (before harvest);

We continue to periodically carry out treatments for pests and diseases, but preferably with biological agents, such as Fitosporin, Fitoverm, Bitoxibacillin (see separate paragraph "Biopreparations").

How to properly spray currants in the spring

Basic rules and recommendations for effective spring spraying of currants against diseases and pests:

• While preparing solutions and spraying treesobserve safety precautions... If the packaging of the product says that you need to wear special clothes (dressing gown, overalls, raincoat), goggles and a respirator, rubber gloves, then you need to wear it.

Video: spraying safety

• Processing should only be carried out in dry and calm weather.

In sunny weather, it is better to refrain from spraying, since, quickly drying, the drugs become ineffective or do not work at all. Spraying is best done in cloudy, calm weather, butnot in the rain: after the rain, the twigs are wet, like a thin "film" of water on them. And spraying is droplets of solution, which cover the plant with a thin "film" of drops in the same way. If processing is carried out, then the concentration of the solution will decrease, and the processing efficiency will decrease.

• Spraying is desirable to carry out in the morning (after dew has dried) or late at night (after sunset).
• Processing is always done exactly after spring pruning shrubunless of course you have spent pruning in autumn... It also helps to further protect the cut sites (ideal if sprayed copper sulfate or bordeaux liquid, in other words, if the fungicide contains copper).

• During flowering, in no case should be sprayed currants with chemical and even (just in case) biological insecticides (can harm bees and other pollinators). Another thing is that, if necessary, you can carry out treatment against diseases.

By the way! At each stage, you can use both the same drugs (in order to save money), and new ones (it is better to change the active ingredient so that there is no addiction - it will be more effective), or alternate (use alternately).

• All prepared solutions should be pass through a filter meshso as not to clog the sprayer.
• Suitable for dissolving almost all drugs room temperature water (for vitriol, it is advisable to use hot, about + 40-50 degrees).

What if you are using a biological productthen water better to take settled or filtered, i.e. chlorine free.

How to process currants in the spring from pests and diseases: preparations

Before proceeding with the procedure, it is natural that you need to decide (and first find out) how you can process currant bushes in the spring.

Now for spring spraying of the garden, there are many different means that will effectively help to cope with any pests and diseases. But in order to know exactly when and how to use them best, you need to figure out what their features and differences are.

Note! At each stage, you can use both the same drugs (in order to save money), and new ones (and it is better to change the active ingredient so that there is no addiction - it will be more effective), or alternate (use alternately).

Important! The instructions for each drug always indicate when (in what time frame) they need to be processed.

So, for effective spring processing of currants, you will need:

• fungicides (drugs to fight diseases);
• insecticides (insect pest control agents);
• insectofungicides (complex preparations acting simultaneously against pests and diseases).

Moreover, these funds (fungicides and insecticides) can be:

• chemical origin (chemicals);
• biological (biological products).

Of course, there are also folk remedies, for example, the same treatment of bushes with boiling water, as well as various herbal solutions and infusions etc. But their efficiency is very, very limited.

Boiling water treatment

Of course, there are now many different fungicidal and insecticidal agents of chemical and biological origin. However, do not forget the folk methods of processing currants. One of these fairly well-known methods of pest and disease control is the early spring treatment of currants with boiling water.

By the way!The site already has detailed material about how to water currant bushes with boiling water in spring.

Video: processing currant bushes in early spring with boiling water

Chemicals and biologicals

Unlike biological products, chemicals are much faster and more reliable. In addition, the use of chemicals is often the only way to cure (more precisely, save) a crop from fungal diseases, as well as get rid of annoying pests. For example, in the event that on currants and gooseberries multiplied strongly gooseberry moth.

The processing of currants with chemical agents in spring does not have any negative consequences for the future harvest and human health, since after the waiting period all pesticides (especially chemical ones) are completely decomposed.

TOof course, in this case, it is imperative to follow the recommendations for dosage and timing of spraying.

It should be understood that biological drugs and folk remedies are more gentle, which is permissible in the following cases:

• with a small number of pests;
• at the initial stage of development of a fungal disease or with a mild infection.

Chemical fungicides

As for the preparations suitable for spring spraying of currants against diseases, the following can be used fungicides (means for combating fungal plant diseases):

Important! For one treatment, you need to choose only one drug (fungicide), and then use a new one (preferably with another active ingredient), or alternate.

• Bordeaux mixture (3% solution of Bordeaux liquid - before bud break and 1% - at the stage of "rose bud" - rust, mottling, anthracnose);

By the way! The site already has a detailed article about the preparation and use of Bordeaux liquid.

• Copper sulfate (contact fungicide);

Advice! More details on the fields of application of copper sulfate readin this material.

• Abiga peak (protective contact fungicide based copper oxychloride, against powdery mildew);

• Hom (contact fungicide based copper oxychloride, against powdery mildew);
• Oxyhom (contact-systemic fungicide actions based on copper oxychloride and oxadixyl, against powdery mildew);

By the way! Some believe (partly rightly) that treating plants with copper-containing preparations is harmful to human health. But copper is by no means the most harmful drug, especially in such doses and at such an early time when fruiting is still very far away.

In addition, it should be understood that it is in early spring that there are practically no other effective substitutes (except perhaps the use of ferrous sulfate).Biological preparations at this time are completely ineffective, because do not work at low temperatures.

• Inkstone;

Advice! About, when, how and why to use iron vitriol, detailed in this article.

• Carbamide (urea);

Usually, urea is used together with copper or iron sulfate, namely, the tank mixture is being prepared.

• Tiovit Jet (contact fungicide based sulfur, against powdery mildew and ticks);

• Colloidal sulfur (contact fungicide, against powdery mildew and ticks);

• Forecast (systemic fungicide based propiconazole, against powdery mildew, columnar rust, goblet rust, anthracnose, leaf septoria and other diseases; spray during the growing season before flowering and after harvest);

• Tilt (systemic fungicide basedpropiconazole, against powdery mildew, columnar rust, goblet rust, anthracnose, leaf septoria and other diseases; spray during the growing season before flowering and after harvest);

Forecast and Tilt are complete analogs.

• Speed ​​(systemic fungicide based difenoconazole, against powdery mildew, spotting);

• Raek (systemic fungicide based difenoconazole,against powdery mildew, spotting);

In fact, Skor = Raek (its analog)

• Fundazol (systemic fungicide based benomila, against powdery mildew);
• Bayleton (systemic fungicide based triadimephone, against powdery mildew);
• Topaz (protective systemic fungicide basedpenconazole, against powdery mildew; spray when the first signs of the disease appear);
• And other contact and systemic fungicides of a wide spectrum of action.

Advice! Carefully study the instructions: the scope of the drug (against what diseases), timing, dosage!

Chemical insecticides

With regard to preparations suitable for spraying currant bushes in the spring against pests, the following insecticides (pest control agents) can be used:

Important!For one treatment, you need to choose only one drug (insecticide), and then use a new one (preferably with another active ingredient) or alternate.

The active ingredients are indicated in brackets.

• Prophylactin (Vaseline oil and Malathion (Karbofos), an enteric insecticide against the wintering stages of pests - suckers, leafworms, scale insects, pseudo-scale insects, ticks, aphids; ideally before bud break, in early spring).

• Preparation 30 plus (Vaseline oil, contact insect-acaricide from the wintering stages of pests - scale insects, pseudo-scale insects, ticks, aphids, saplings, moths, scale insects; spray during dormancy - before bud break, in early spring).

• Aktara (Thiamethoxam (Aktara), systemic insecticide of intestinal action against aphids; spray before flowering);

• Confidor Extra (Imidacloprid, systemic insecticide of contact-intestinal action, against aphids; spray before flowering);
• Biotlin (Imidacloprid,systemic insecticide of contact-intestinal action, against aphids; spray before flowering);

• Tanrek (Imidacloprid,systemic insecticide of contact-intestinal action, against aphids);

Confidor, Tanrek and Biotlin can be called analogues, but Confidor contains 3.5 times more active ingredient.

• Spark (Permethrin and Cypermethrin, insecticide against aphids, moths, leaf rollers, sawflies);

• Iskra M (Malathion (Karbofos), intestinal insecticide, against aphids, kidney moths, leaf and shoot gall midges, leafworms, suckers, sawflies, scale insects, false scales);

• Fufanon-Nova (Malathion (Karbofos), intestinal insectoacaricide from currant kidney mites, aphids, moths, moths, leafworms, gall midges, sawflies, scale insects, false scales, moths);

• Aliot (Malathion (Karbofos), intestinal insectoacaricide from currant kidney mites, aphids, leafworms, scale insects, false scales);

• Inta-vir (Cypermethrin,enteric insecticide from currant glass, aphids);

• Inta-Ts-M (Cypermethrin and malathion, enteric insecticide against aphids, leaf rollers, sawflies, fireflies);

• Carbocin (Cypermethrin and malathion, intestinal insectoacaricide from aphids, moths, sawflies, leafworms, moths);

Carbocin and Inta-Ts-M - drugs analogs.

• Kinmix (Beta-cypermethrin, enteric insecticide from leafworm, aphids, sawfly; spray before and after flowering);

• Herald (Diflubenzuron,enteric insecticide for aphids, currant kidney moth, leafworm);

• Karate Zeon (Lambda Cyhalothrin,enteric insecticide against ticks, aphids, leafworms);

• Actellic (Pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic), enteric insecticide against gooseberry moth, aphid, moth, sawfly, leafworm, gall midge);

• And other broad-spectrum insecticides.

Advice! Carefully study the instructions: the scope of the drug (against which pests), timing, dosage.

Biologicals: fungicides and insecticides

Biological products are created on the basis of living organisms:

• mushroom antagonists;
• bacteria;
• bacterial viruses;
• beneficial insects (entomophages and acariphages).

Among biological agents, fungicides, insecticides, and insectofungicides can also be distinguished.

Note! As a rule, almost all biological products begin their work only under the condition of an appropriate air temperature (+ 10 ... + 15 degrees), therefore they begin to be used only at the stage of the "pink bud" (before flowering) and after flowering, while the first and second treatments are necessary carry out using chemicals.

Biologicals fungicidal action (against diseases):

• Fitosporin (fungicide, against powdery mildew, rust);

• Pentaphage (fungicide, powdery mildew);
• Mikosan (fungicide, against powdery mildew);
• Ampelomycin (fungicide, powdery mildew);
• Alirin B (fungicide, against powdery mildew, anthracnose and septoria, rust).

Biologicals insecticidal action (against pests):

• Bitoxibacillin (Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis, intestinal insectoacaricide, from moths, leaf rollers, gall midges, sawflies, ticks, moths, spray during the growing season, when caterpillars appear);

• Lepidocide (Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, intestinal insecticide, from currant leafworm, gooseberry moth, moth, sawflies; spray during the growing season, against each generation of pests);

• Fitoverm (Aversectin C, enteric-contact insectoacaricide, against aphids, ticks, moths, leafworms);

• Kleschevit (Aversectin C, entero-contact insectoacaricide, against ticks);

Fitoverm, Kleschevit and Aktofit - these are analogs drugs that have the same active ingredient - Aversectin C.

• Gaupsin (complex action insectofungicide, against powdery mildew, leaf spots, rust, aphids, leafworm).

Note! Yes, biologics have their advantages (they are environmentally friendly), but we have to admit that they are not as effective as chemical ones.

Tank mixtures (fungicides + insecticides)

Note! Not all drugs can be mixed. For example, practically nothing can be mixed with Bordeaux liquid and copper oxychloride (it has an alkaline reaction).

The instructions should say what drugs they can be combined with.

For spring spraying of currants (except for the first one, when the buds are still sleeping), you can prepare the following tank mixtures (fungicide + insecticide):

Chemical:

• Skor (fungicide) + Aktara (insecticide);
• Bayleton (fungicide) + Karate (insecticide);
• Tilt or Forecast (fungicide) + almost any insecticide.

Biological:

• Aktofit (insecticide against aphids and ticks) + Bitoxibacillin (from other insect pests) + Guapsin (insectofungicide of complex action);
• Fitosporin (fungicide) + Bitoxibacillin;
• Fitoverm (insecticide) + Bitoxibacillin + Guapsin;
• Lepidocide (insecticide) + Bitoxibacillin (insecticide) + Guapsin.

Folk remedies

It should be understood that the processing of currants with such "folk remedies" has very limited effectiveness. Namely: all kinds infusion and decoctions have, rather, a deterrent effect: with their pungent odor, they disorient pests.

If the defeat is strong, then you can not even try to use folk remedies. It is better to try to process at least special biological agents.

In general, the most popular folk remedies for spraying currants in the spring from diseases and pests are:

Advice! After preparation, all solutions are required. strain.

Initially, it is very convenient to dissolve or insist in less water, and just before spraying, bring to the recommended volume (10 liters).

From pests

Against aphids and ticks

• Garlic infusion... Pour 200-300 grams of chopped cloves with 10 liters of hot water, let stand for 12-24 hours, dilute 1 to 1 with water, add soap (40 grams per 10 liters) or milk for better adhesion.

• Infusion of onion peel.150-200 grams of husk pour 10 liters of water, insist for 4-5 days.
• Infusion of potato tops... 1-1.2 kg of fresh tops (or 600-800 g dry) pour 10 liters of water, leave for 3-4 hours.
• Infusion of tobacco... 400 g of dried tobacco leaves (makhorka) pour 10 liters of hot water, let stand for 48 hours, dilute 1 to 1 with water and add 40 grams of soap (per 10 liters of solution).

Similarly, you can use tobacco dust, immediately spraying it on the shrub or pre-preparing the solution.

Against caterpillars, sawflies, moths and other pests

• Mustard infusion... Pour 100 grams of dry mustard with 10 liters of hot water, let stand for 48 hours, dilute 1 to 1 with cold water, add 40 grams of soap to 10 liters of solution (so that the solution lingers more (sticks) on the bush).
• Infusion of celandine... 3-4 kg of grass or 1 kg of dry celandine pour 10 liters of hot water, let stand for 24-48 hours, add 40 grams of soap (for 10 liters of solution).
• Wormwood decoction... Half a bucket of fresh crushed flowering plants of bitter wormwood (or 700-800 grams of dry) pour 10 liters of water, let stand for a day, boil for 30 minutes, dilute with water 1 to 1 and add 40 grams of soap (per 10 liters of solution).
• Decoction of tomato tops... 3-4 kg of fresh crushed parts of stems, stepsons, leaves (or 1 kg of dry tops) pour 10 liters of water, let stand for 3-4 hours, then cook for 30 minutes, dilute 1 to 3, add 40 g of soap (for 10 liters of solution ).
• Tansy decoction... Pour 1 kg of fresh grass with 10 liters of water, boil for 2 hours, add 40 grams of soap (for 10 liters of solution).

By the way! Also, to repel pests, you can insert directly into the crown of the bushes various strong-smelling plants, for example, elderberry (preferably flowering), tops and stepchildren of tomatoes, cut garlic, marigolds (they can generally be planted nearby).

And remember to manually pick off affected shoots and leaves.

From diseases (mainly from powdery mildew)

• Infusion of rotten hay... Fill a 10 liter bucket 1/3 full with hay, fill with water, let stand for 3 days, then dilute 1 to 3 with water.
• Iodine solution (1 ml per 1 liter of water).
• Broth or infusion wood ash Pour 400 grams of ash with 3 liters of water and boil for 3-5 minutes, and then bring the volume to 10 liters or prepare an infusion - just fill it with hot water and let it stand for 24-48 hours. For better adhesion, you can add soap (40 g per 10 liters).

By the way! Wood ash also works against pests.

Video: combating diseases and pests of currants without chemistry using a solution of wood ash

• Whey and sour milk also help against powdery mildew.

Video: a natural super remedy (milk or curd whey) for powdery mildew on currants

• Soap solution (It is better to dissolve 40 grams of grated laundry soap per 10 liters of water in hot water, and then add cold water, then you can add baking soda to the solution - 40 grams).

In theory, by creating an alkaline environment, this solution should protect the bushes from both diseases (powdery mildew) and pests (aphids).

Thus, spring processing of currants from pests and diseases is one of the main activities for caring for a shrub in spring.You should not neglect this not at all complicated agrotechnical method, because its timely and correct implementation will provide reliable protection of the berry, which will allow you to get a rich harvest.

Video: protecting currants in the spring from pests and diseases